一、新闻概述
2023年10月18日，欧盟更新了针对俄罗斯的“经济关键商品清单”。欧盟表示，《第 833/2014 号条例》对俄罗斯实施制裁，包括禁止直接或间接出售、供应、转让或出口可能增强俄罗斯工业能力的商品。因此，“经济关键商品清单”主要包括受欧盟限制性措施约束的主要工业品，这些商品被发现通过异常的贸易流动从第三国运往俄罗斯。
欧盟表示，“制定该清单的目的是，除了剥夺俄罗斯在乌克兰被发现的军事系统中使用的或对这些军事系统的开发、生产或使用至关重要的违禁军民两用产品和先进技术物项（常见高优先级清单）外，欧盟制裁还旨在削弱俄罗斯的工业基础；俄罗斯已成为一个战争经济体，其工业综合体直接或间接地支持俄罗斯的军事努力。”
欧盟表示，该清单可支持出口商的尽职调查和有效合规，同时也可以支持合作伙伴国家海关和执法机构的有针对性反规避行动，以确保其领土不被用于规避欧盟制裁目的。
列入清单的这些经济关键商品包括主要属于HS章节下分类的一些主要工业品：28（化学品）；84（机械）；85（电子产品）；和87（车辆）。
欧盟将对贸易统计数据进行持续监测，以确定趋势并更新《经济关键商品清单》的内容。
二、“经济关键商品清单”具体内容
以下为欧盟更新后的“经济关键商品清单”，中文翻译仅供参考，中英文意义有出入的以英文为准
| HS6 | 英文描述 | 中文翻译（仅供参考） |
| 2847.00 | Hydrogen peroxide, whether or not solidified with urea | 氢氧化氢，不论是否与尿素固化 |
| 8409.99 | Parts suitable for use solely or principally with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), other than for aircraft engines | 仅适用于压燃式内燃活塞发动机（柴油或半柴油发动机）的部件，除了用于飞机发动机 |
| 8412.21 | Hydraulic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders) | 液压动力发动机和马达，线性运动（气缸） |
| 8412.29 | Hydraulic power engines and motors, other than linear acting | 液压动力发动机和马达，非线性运动 |
| 8413.30 | Fuel, lubricating or cooling medium pumps for internal combustion piston engine | 用于内燃活塞发动机的燃料、润滑或冷却介质泵 |
| 8413.50 | Reciprocating positive displacement pumps for liquids (excl. those fitted or designed to be fitted with a measuring device, handpumps, fuel, lubricating or cooling medium pumps for internal combustion piston engines and concrete pumps) | 往复式正位移液体泵（不包括配备或设计用于配备计量装置的，手泵，内燃活塞发动机的燃料、润滑或冷却介质泵以及混凝土泵的液体泵） |
| 8413.60 | Rotary positive displacement pumps for liquids (excl. those fitted or designed to be fitted with a measuring device, handpumps, fuel, lubricating or cooling medium pumps for internal combustion piston engines and concrete pumps) | 旋转式正位移液体泵（不包括配备或设计用于配备计量装置的，手泵，内燃活塞发动机的燃料、润滑或冷却介质泵以及混凝土泵的液体泵） |
| 8413.81 | Pumps for liquids (excl. those fitted or designed to be fitted with a measuring device, handpumps, fuel, lubricating or cooling medium pumps for internal combustion piston engines, concrete pumps, general reciprocating or rotary positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps) | 液体泵（不包括已配备或设计用于配备计量装置的，手泵，内燃活塞发动机的燃料、润滑或冷却介质泵，混凝土泵，一般往复或旋转式正位移泵和离心泵） |
| 8414.90 | Parts of air or vacuum pumps, of air or other gas compressors and fans, of ventilating or recycling hoods incorporating a fan, whether or not fitted with filters, of gas-tight biological safety cabinets, whether or not fitted with filters | 空气或真空泵、空气或其他气体压缩机和风扇的零件，带有通风或回收罩的，不论是否配有过滤器，以及带有气密生物安全柜，不论是否配有过滤器 |
| 8419.89 | Machinery, plant or laboratory equipment, whether or not electrically heated, for the treatment of materials by a process involving a change of temperature (excl. furnaces, ovens and other equipment of heading 8514, machinery or plant used for domestic purposes, nonelectric instantaneous or storage water heaters, medical, surgical or laboratory sterilisers, dryers, distilling or rectifying plant, heat-exchange units, machinery for liquefying air or other gases, machinery, plant and equipment for making hot drinks or for cooking or heating food) | 用于通过温度变化处理材料的机器、设备或实验室设备，不论是否电加热（不包括8514号目录下的炉、烤箱和其他设备，用于家庭用途的机器或设备，非电加热的瞬时式或贮存式热水器，医用、外科或实验室灭菌器，干燥器，蒸馏或精馏设备，换热器，液化空气或其他气体的机器，制作热饮料或烹饪或加热食品的机器、设备） |
| 8421.23 | Oil or petrol-filters for internal combustion engines | 内燃机用油或汽油滤清器 |
| 8421.29 | Filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus for liquids (excl. for filtering or purifying water and beverages other than water, oil or petrol filters for internal combustion engines) | 用于液体的过滤或净化机械和装置（不包括用于过滤或净化水和水以外的饮料、内燃机用油或汽油滤清器） |
| 8421.31 | Intake air filters for internal combustion engines | 内燃机用进气空气过滤器 |
| 8421.39 | Filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus for gases (excl. intake air filters for internal combustion engines, catalytic converters or particulate filters, whether or not combined, for purifying or filtering exhaust gases from internal combustion engines) | 用于气体的过滤或净化机械和装置（不包括内燃机用进气空气过滤器、催化转化器或颗粒过滤器，无论是否组合在一起，用于净化或过滤内燃机排放气体的） |
| 8421.99 | Parts of machinery and apparatus for filtering or purifying liquids or gases | 液体或气体过滤或净化机械和装置的零件 |
| 8424.89 | Mechanical appliances (whether or not hand-operated) for projecting, dispersing or spraying liquids or powders, n.e.s. (excl. agricultural or horticultural appliances) | 用于过滤或净化液体或气体的机械和装置的零件 |
| 8424.90 | Parts of mechanical appliances (whether or not hand-operated) for projecting, dispersing or spraying liquids or powders, of fire extinguishers, of spray guns and similar appliances, of steam or sandblasting machines and similar jet projecting machines. | 用于喷射、扩散或喷雾液体或粉末的机械设备的零件（手动操作与否），包括灭火器、喷枪和类似装置，以及蒸汽或喷砂机械和类似射流机械 |
| 8426.41 | Cranes, including cable cranes; mobile lifting frames, straddle carriers and works trucks fitted with a crane, self-propelled, on tyres (excl. overhead travelling cranes, transporter cranes, gantry cranes, bridge cranes, mobile lifting frames and straddle carriers, tower cranes, portal or pedestal jib cranes) | 起重机，包括缆绳起重机；配有起重机的自行式移动起重框架、跨越式运输车和轮胎自行式工作车辆（不包括悬挂式行车、输送机、门式起重机、桥式起重机、移动起重框架和跨越式运输车、塔式起重机、门式或基座式旋臂起重机） |
| 8428.31 | Continuous-action elevators and conveyors, for goods or materials, specially designed for underground use (excl. lifts and skip hoists, pneumatic elevators and conveyors) | 连续运动电梯和输送机，用于货物或材料，专为地下使用而设计（不包括电梯和斗式提升机、气动电梯和输送机） |
| 8428.39 | Continuous-action elevators and conveyors, for goods or materials (excl. those specially designed for underground use, lifts and skip hoists, pneumatic elevators and conveyors) | 连续运动电梯和输送机，用于货物或材料（不包括专为地下使用设计的，电梯和斗式提升机、气动电梯和输送机） |
| 8429.51 | Self-propelled front-end shovel loaders | 自行式前装铲运机 |
| 8429.52 | Self-propelled mechanical shovels, excavators and shovel loaders (other than front-end), with a 360° revolving superstructure | 自行式机械铲、挖掘机和铲运机（不包括前装铲运机），带有360°旋转上部结构 |
| 8429.59 | Self-propelled mechanical shovels, excavators and shovel loaders (excl. machinery with a 360° revolving superstructure and front-end shovel loaders) | 自行式机械铲、挖掘机和铲运机（不包括带有360°旋转上部结构的机械和前装铲运机） |
| 8430.10 | Pile-drivers and pile-extractors | 打桩机和拔桩机 |
| 8431.39 | Parts of machinery of heading 8428 (excl. parts of lifts, skip hoists or escalators) | 8428号目录下机械的零件（不包括电梯、斗式提升机或自动扶梯的零件） |
| 8431.39 | Parts for boring or sinking machinery of subheading 8430.41 or 8430.49 | 用于井探或沉井机械的零件，属于8430.41或8430.49亚目 |
| 8431.49 | Parts of machinery of heading 8426, 8429 and 8430, n.e.s. | 用于井探或沉井机械的零件，属于8430.41或8430.49亚目 |
| 8457.10 | Machining centres for working metal | 用于加工金属的加工中心 |
| 8466.10 | Tool holders and self-opening dieheads, suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of headings 8456 to 8465 | 刀具夹持器和自开式螺丝切割头，仅适用于主要用于8456至8465号目录下机械 |
| 8471.30 | Portable automatic data-processing machines, weighing not more than 10 kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display | 便携式自动数据处理机，重量不超过10千克，至少包括中央处理单元、键盘和显示器 |
| 8471.60 | Input or output units for automatic data-processing machines, whether or not containing storage units in the same housing | 用于自动数据处理机的输入或输出装置，不论是否在同一外壳内含有存储单元 |
| 8471.70 | Storage units for automatic data-processing machines | 自动数据处理机的存储单元 |
| 8473.30 | Parts and accessories (other than covers, carrying cases and the like) suitable for use solely or principally with machines of heading 8471 | 仅适用于8471号目录下机械的零件和配件（不包括盖子、携带箱等） |
| 8474.10 | Sorting, screening, separating or washing machines for earth, stone, ores or other mineral substances, in solid (including powder or paste) form | 用于土、石、矿石或其他固体（包括粉末或糊状物）的分拣、筛选、分离或洗涤机械 |
| 8474.31 | Concrete or mortar mixers | 混凝土或砂浆搅拌机 |
| 8479.10 | Machinery for public works, building or the like | 用于公共工程、建筑等的机械设备 |
| 8479.82 | Mixing, kneading, crushing, grinding, screening, sifting, homogenising, emulsifying or stirring machines | 混合、揉捏、破碎、磨碎、筛分、搅拌、乳化或搅拌机械 |
| 8479.89 | Machines and mechanical appliances, n.e.s. | 机械和机械器具，其他未包括的 |
| 8479.90 | Parts of machines and mechanical appliances, n.e.s. | 机械和机械器具的零件，其他未包括的 |
| 8481.10 | Pressure-reducing valves | 降压阀 |
| 8481.20 | Valves for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmission | 液压或气动传动用阀门 |
| 8481.40 | Safety or relief valves | 安全阀或减压阀 |
| 8482.80 | Roller bearings, including combined ball/roller bearings (excl. ball bearings, tapered roller bearings (incl. cone and tapered roller assemblies), spherical roller bearings, needle and other cylindrical roller bearings (incl. cage and roller assemblies) | 滚动轴承，包括组合球/滚子轴承（不包括滚珠轴承、圆锥滚子轴承（包括锥形滚子和圆锥滚子总成）、球面滚子轴承、针和其他圆柱滚子轴承（包括保持架和滚子总成）） |
| 8482.91 | Balls, needles and rollers for ball or roller bearings | 用于球轴承或滚子轴承的球、针和滚子 |
| 8484.10 | Gaskets and similar joints of metal sheeting combined with other material or of two or more layers of metal | 金属板与其他材料结合或由两层或两层以上金属组成的垫片和类似接头 |
| 8484.90 | Sets or assortments of gaskets and similar joints, dissimilar in composition, put up in pouches, envelopes or similar packings | 不同材料组成的垫片和类似接头组或分类装在袋、信封或类似包装中 |
| 8501.53 | AC motors, multi-phase, of an output exceeding 75 kW, n.e.s | 交流电动机，多相，功率超过75千瓦，其他未包括的 |
| 8502.13 | Generating sets with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel engine) of an output exceeding 375 kVA | 压燃内燃活塞发动机（柴油或半柴油发动机）驱动的发电机组，功率超过375千伏安 |
| 8502.20 | Generating sets with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine | 火花点燃内燃活塞发动机驱动的发电机组 |
| 8503.00 | Parts suitable for use solely or principally with electric motors and generators, electric generating sets and rotary converters | 仅适用于电动机和发电机、电力发生机组和旋转变流器的零件 |
| 8507.10 | Lead-acid accumulators of a kind used for starting piston engine “starter batteries” | 用于启动活塞发动机的铅酸蓄电池”启动电池” |
| 8536.50 | Switches for a voltage not exceeding 1.000 V | 电压不超过1,000伏的开关 |
| 8537.10 | Boards, panels, consoles, desks, cabinets and other bases, equipped with two or more apparatus of heading 8535 or 8536, for electric control or the distribution of electricity, including those incorporating instruments or apparatus of chapter 90, and numerical control apparatus, other than switching apparatus of heading 8517, for a voltage not exceeding 1 000 V | 配备两个或两个以上8535或8536号目录下器械的电控或配电用面板、板块、控制台、桌子、柜子和其他底座，包括那些内含第90章仪器或器械的，以及数控器，不包括8517号目录下的开关器械，电压不超过1,000伏 |
| 8538.10 | Boards, panels, consoles, desks, cabinets and other bases for the goods of heading 8537, not equipped with their apparatus | 为8537号目录下货物配备的面板、板块、控制台、桌子、柜子和其他底座，未配备器械 |
| 8538.90 | Parts suitable for use solely or principally with the apparatus of heading 8535, 8536 or 8537 (excl. boards, panels, consoles, desks, cabinets and other bases for the goods of heading 8537, not equipped with their apparatus) | 仅适用于8535、8536或8537号目录下器械的零件，主要用途为与设备配套，不包括8537号目录下货物配备的面板、板块、控制台、桌子、柜子和其他底座 |
| 8544.49 | Electric conductors, for a voltage not exceeding 1.000 V, insulated, not fitted with connectors, n.e.s. | 绝缘电导体，电压不超过1,000伏，未配备连接器，其他未包括的。 |
| 8544.70 | Optical fibre cables made up of individually sheathed fibres, whether or not assembled with electric conductors or fitted with connectors | 由单独包覆的光纤制成的光缆，无论是否与电导体组装或配备连接器 |
| 8701.21 | Road tractors for semi-trailers, with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine “diesel or semi-diesel” | 仅带有压燃式内燃活塞发动机（柴油或半柴油）的半挂拖车牵引车 |
| 8704.21 | Motor vehicles for the transport of goods, with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel engine) of a gross vehicle weight not exceeding 5 tonnes | 用于运输货物的机动车辆，带有压燃式内燃活塞发动机（柴油或半柴油），总重不超过5吨 |
| 8704.23 | Motor vehicles for the transport of goods, with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel engine) of a gross vehicle weight not exceeding 20 tonnes | 用于运输货物的机动车辆，带有压燃式内燃活塞发动机（柴油或半柴油），总重不超过20吨 |
| 8704.31 | Motor vehicles for the transport of goods, with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine, of a gross vehicle weight not exceeding 5 tonnes | 用于运输货物的机动车辆，带有火花点燃式内燃活塞发动机，总重不超过5吨 |
| 8705.10 | Crane lorries | 吊车卡车 |
| 8708.30 | Brakes and servo-brakes; parts thereof, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 制动器和助力制动器及其零件，适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.40 | Gear boxes and parts thereof, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 变速器及其零件，适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.50 | Drive-axles with differential, whether or not provided with other transmission components, and non-driving axles, and parts thereof, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 带有差速器的传动轴，无论是否配备其他传动部件，和非驱动轴，以及其零件，适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.70 | Road wheels and parts and accessories thereof, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 车轮和其零件及附件，适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.80 | Suspension systems and parts thereof, (including shock-absorbers), for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 悬挂系统及其零件（包括减震器），适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.91 | Radiators and parts thereof, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 散热器及其零件，适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.93 | Clutches and parts thereof, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 离合器及其零件，适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.94 | Clutches and parts thereof, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 方向盘、方向柱和转向箱，及其零件，适用于8701至8705号目录下的机动车辆 |
| 8708.99 | Other parts and accessories, for motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 | 适用于8701至8705号目录下的其他零件和配件 |
| 8716.39 | Trailers and semi-trailers for the transport of goods, not designed for running on rails (excl. self-loading or self-unloading trailers and semi-trailers for agricultural purposes and tanker trailers and tanker semi-trailers) | 用于运输货物的拖车和半挂拖车，非设计用于在轨道上行驶（不包括自装卸或自卸拖车和半挂拖车，用于农业目的的罐车拖车和罐车半挂拖车） |
| 8716.90 | Parts of trailers and semi-trailers and other vehicles not mechanically propelled, n.e.s. | 拖车、半挂拖车和其他非机械推进车辆的零件，其他未包括的。 |