美国时间2024年2月23日，美国财政部在其官网发布“今天，为了纪念俄罗斯对乌克兰发动两年的无端和非法全面战争，并针对反对派政治家和反腐败活动家阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼（Aleksey Navalny）的死亡，美国财政部外国资产控制办公室（OFAC）正在制裁近300名个人和实体。加上美国国务院（State）的行动，这是自俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰以来实施的最大制裁数量。美国正在指认三名与纳瓦尔尼之死有关的俄罗斯政府官员；美方政府正在共同制裁 500 多个目标，为俄罗斯的镇压、侵犯人权和对乌克兰的侵略施加额外代价。美国商务部还将90多家公司列入实体清单。
进一步，美国财政部表示，为了剥夺俄罗斯支持其对乌克兰的残酷战争所需的资源，美国财政部正在制裁目标：
– 包括俄罗斯金融基础设施；
– 在欧洲、东亚、中亚和中东的二十多个第三国的规避制裁者；
– 俄罗斯军工基地和其他关键部门的数百个实体。
一、俄罗斯的金融基础设施
OFAC的目标是俄罗斯的核心金融基础设施，包括和平号国家支付系统（the Mir National Payment System）的运营商和俄罗斯银行、投资公司和金融技术（fintech）公司，以进一步履行七国集团（G7）的承诺，限制俄罗斯利用国际金融体系进一步推进对乌克兰的战争。
National Payment Card System Joint Stock Company (NSPK) 是俄罗斯和平号国家支付系统的国有运营商。NSPK归俄罗斯中央银行所有，在促进俄罗斯国内外的金融交易方面发挥着关键作用。俄罗斯政府扩散和平号，使俄罗斯得以建立金融基础设施，使俄罗斯能够逃避制裁，并重建与国际金融体系的断绝联系。美国一再向全球伙伴强调和平号系统的风险。NSPK根据第14024号行政令被指定为在俄罗斯联邦经济的金融服务部门经营或曾经经营。
OFAC还制裁了九个区域金融机构，包括几家总部设在俄罗斯军工基地中心的机构；五家投资和风险投资基金，旨在为俄罗斯先进和下一代技术和产业的发展提供担保，并向俄罗斯公司注入国内外投资；以及六家为俄罗斯金融机构提供软件和IT解决方案的金融科技（fintech）公司。
二、OFAC打击规避制裁的第三国主体
除了位于俄罗斯的个人和实体外，OFAC还继续针对俄罗斯境外的促进、策划、参与和以其他方式支持向俄罗斯军工基地转让关键技术和设备的主体。
OFAC表示，其制裁的目标遍布世界各地，包括向俄罗斯出口技术和设备、设备和零件的第三国出口商和转运商，参与向俄罗斯运送武器的货运代理，以及为俄罗斯原产贵金属非法流动提供便利的跨国洗钱网络。
OFAC今天总共针对11个国家的26个第三国实体和个人，包括中华人民共和国、塞尔维亚、阿拉伯联合酋长国和列支敦士登。
（一）以下是在OFAC发布的《在俄罗斯进一步入侵乌克兰两周年之际，在阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼去世后，财政部制裁了俄罗斯和全球的数百个目标》中，OFAC制裁的6家中国实体：根据第14024号行政令，以下是OFAC在本次制裁的中国实体，并被OFAC指定其在俄罗斯联邦经济的技术部门经营或曾经经营：
(1) PRC-based company Jiangxi Liansheng Technology Co., Ltd ( 江西连胜科技有限公司) shipped microelectronics, optical laboratory accessories, and other technological equipment to Russia.
(2) PRC-based company Guangzhou Ausay Technology Co., Limited(广州欧赛科技有限公司) has made hundreds of shipments of foreign origin-microelectronics to U.S.-designated Limited Liability Company SMT-iLogic (SMT-iLogic), a Russia-based technology company involved in a large-scale procurement network to obtain foreign-origin technology for the manufacture of Orlan UAVs.
(3) PRC-based company Guangzhou Hesen Import and Export Co., Ltd (广州合森进出口有限公司) has made dozens of shipments of foreign-origin microelectronics to Russian technology company Uniservice, which was also designated today.
(4)PRC-based company Yilufa Electronics Limited （深圳市亿路发科技有限公司) has made hundreds of shipments of foreign origin-microelectronics to SMT-iLogic and Uniservice.
(5)PRC-based company Shenzhen Biguang Trading Co., Ltd(深圳比广贸易有限公司)has made hundreds of shipments of foreign origin-microelectronics to SMT-iLogic and Uniservice.
(6) PRC-based company New Idea Guangzhou Technology Co., Ltd.（新设想广州科技有限公司） has made hundreds of shipments of foreign origin-microelectronics to SMT-iLogic and Uniservice.
（二）以下是在2024年2月23日OFAC列入SDN清单的9家实体，其中6家已在上述中点名。
(1) COREBAI MICROELECTRONICS BEIJING COMPANY LIMITED (Chinese Simplified: 芯佰微电子北京有限公司), Room 704, Unit 4, Building 2, 9 Fenghao Road East, Haidian District, Beijing, China; Secondary sanctions risk: this person is designated for operating or having operated in a sector of the Russian Federation economy determined to support Russia’s military-industrial base pursuant to section 11 of Executive Order 14024, as amended by Executive Order 14114.; Registration Number 911101143979147669 (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(2) GUANGZHOU AUSAY TECHNOLOGY CO., LIMITED (Chinese Simplified: 广州欧赛科技有限公司) (a.k.a. GUANGZHOU AUSAY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.), R301, Block A of No 3 Building, West Area of Tongda Industrial Zone, Hebian 5 She Helong Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Website http://www.ausay.com/; Secondary sanctions risk: this person is designated for operating or having operated in a sector of the Russian Federation economy determined to support Russia’s military-industrial base pursuant to section 11 of Executive Order 14024, as amended by Executive Order 14114.; Organization Established Date 19 Nov 2017; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 91440101MA5ALQNR86 (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(3) GUANGZHOU HESEN IMPORT AND EXPORT CO., LTD (Chinese Simplified: 广州合森进出口有限公司), Room 4195, No. 1 Chunhui Street, Tongtai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, China (Chinese Simplified: 4195室, 同泰路春晖街1号, 白云区, 广州, China); Secondary sanctions risk: this person is designated for operating or having operated in a sector of the Russian Federation economy determined to support Russia’s military-industrial base pursuant to section 11 of Executive Order 14024, as amended by Executive Order 14114.; Organization Established Date 21 Mar 2023; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 91440111MACCQ31P0B (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(4) JIANGXI LIANSHENG TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD (Chinese Simplified: 江西连胜科技有限公司), No. 1015, Jinsha Third Rd., Xiaolan Economic Development Area, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China; Website www.jxlszb.com; Secondary sanctions risk: this person is designated for operating or having operated in a sector of the Russian Federation economy determined to support Russia’s military-industrial base pursuant to section 11 of Executive Order 14024, as amended by Executive Order 14114.; Organization Established Date 24 Jun 2011; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 913601215761389180 (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(5) NEW IDEA GUANGZHOU TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. (Chinese Simplified: 新设想广州科技有限公司), 122 Self-edited 408 (A288), No. 36 Daguan South Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510660, China; Secondary sanctions risk: this person is designated for operating or having operated in a sector of the Russian Federation economy determined to support Russia’s military-industrial base pursuant to section 11 of Executive Order 14024, as amended by Executive Order 14114.; Organization Established Date 22 Dec 2020; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 91440101MA9W2FJX55 (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(6)SHENZHEN BIGUANG TRADING CO., LTD (Chinese Simplified: 深圳比广贸易有限公司), 18E, Block B, World Trade Square, No. 9 Fuhong Road, Funnan Community, Futian Street, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (Chinese Simplified: 福田区福田街道福南社区福虹路9号世贸广场B座18E, 深圳市, 广东省, China); Secondary sanctions risk: this person is designated for operating or having operated in a sector of the Russian Federation economy determined to support Russia’s military-industrial base pursuant to section 11 of Executive Order 14024, as amended by Executive Order 14114.; Organization Established Date 01 Dec 2020; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 91440300MA5GH3DL64 (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(7)WUHAN MAIWE COMMUNICATION CO LTD (Chinese Simplified: 武汉迈威通信股份有限公司), Building 2, Lot E, Phoenix Industrial Park, No. 52 Liufang Avenue, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan 430205, China; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 9142010030349268X3 (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(8)YILUFA ELECTRONICS LIMITED (Chinese Simplified: 深圳市亿路发科技有限公司), 1806, Hanguo Center, No. 3031 Shennan Middle Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (Chinese Simplified: 福田区福田街道福南社区深南中路3031号汉国城市商业中心1806, 深圳市, 广东省, China); Secondary sanctions risk: this person is designated for operating or having operated in a sector of the Russian Federation economy determined to support Russia’s military-industrial base pursuant to section 11 of Executive Order 14024, as amended by Executive Order 14114.; Organization Established Date 08 Dec 2004; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 91440300769188559R (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
(9)ZHEJIANG OULONG ELECTRIC CO LTD (Chinese Simplified: 浙江欧珑电气有限公司), No. 4226, Binhai 3rd Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325025, China; Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) 91330301787738024Y (China) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
三、针对阿拉布加无人机采购网
这次OFAC行动还针对俄罗斯获得和生产致命无人机（UAV）的网络。俄罗斯和伊朗国防和武装部队后勤部（MODAFL）合作，在俄罗斯新建立的设施中资助和生产伊朗设计的单向攻击无人机，也称为神风敢死队无人机。
因此，OFAC本次还根据第14024号行政令制裁了MODAFL公司。该网络为运输提供了便利，进行了金融交易，并参与了工业生产，以支持俄罗斯和伊朗之间的合作，以生产供俄罗斯军队在乌克兰使用的单向攻击无人机，包括打击关键基础设施和其他民用目标。
四、针对俄罗斯的军工基地和俄罗斯联邦经济的其他行业
OFAC指出，在过去两年中，美国政府对俄罗斯军工基地的众多个人和实体实施了制裁，从俄罗斯的旗舰国防公司到机床进口商，从第三国规避制裁者到半导体制造商。
OFAC强调了从事或促进涉及俄罗斯军工基地的重大交易或向俄罗斯军工基地提供任何服务的的外国金融机构——包括根据第 14024 号行政令被指定在俄罗斯联邦经济的技术、国防和相关物资、建筑、航空航天和制造业部门经营或曾经经营的任何主体——都有受到 OFAC 制裁的风险。俄罗斯的军工基地还可能包括支持销售、供应或转让某些物项或物项类别的个人和实体。为此，外国金融机构可以参考OFAC于2023年12月发布的《外国金融机构指南》。
进一步，OFAC指出，2024年2月23日的行动是继续破坏和削弱俄罗斯军工基础的运动，重点是先进的制造和技术，如机床，包括用于俄罗斯重型机械制造和武器制造业的计算机数控（CNC）机床，增材制造（也称为3D打印），这些是俄罗斯已用于国防目的，包括：
-制造用于生产无人机、飞机零件和其他军事相关物品的专用3D打印机；
-轴承，是俄罗斯军事硬件（包括其主战坦克）不可或缺的组成部分；以及
-其他领域，如机器人、工业自动化和软件、专用润滑剂和激光器。
OFAC本次制裁行动还针对在俄罗斯联邦经济其他行业经营或曾经经营的人，包括工程、电子、金属和采矿以及运输行业。
详见完整制裁清单，请点击“阅读全文”。
【完】